tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-72267091762442807262024-03-19T01:48:28.235-07:00Writer S.A. Joo's Writing & Editing Advice & TipsAn editor with 13 years of experience, I currently work for an online editing company and do freelance work. I'm also a writer represented by Black Hawk Literary Agency. I've created this blog to help the fellow writers with writing & editing tips and advice. I'll continue to post on subjects I come up with or have been requested/suggested by others. Meanwhile, I have my fingers crossed for the release date of my YA novel BODY JUMPING.S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.comBlogger48125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-14933778107297219522019-06-08T03:40:00.000-07:002019-06-08T03:41:56.599-07:00Subject-Verb Agreement: The Most Common Mistake Writers Make<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: purple;"><b><u><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Simplified
Subject-Verb Agreement</span></u></b></span></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">This is the most common grammar error made by every writer besides
punctuation errors. Here are the simplified rules of subject-verb agreement.
There are many rules and exceptions; however, I’ll just note the top three
because to list them all would take multiple pages. Turning this into an
English lecture is not what I want.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Here. A singular subject (<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Mom, he, store, Sandy</span>) takes a
singular verb (<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">is, goes, opens, has</span>).
A plural subject (parents, they, stores, Sandy and Tom) takes a plural verb
(are, go, open, have). Simple, right? Well, here are the three key points to
remember.</span></span><br />
</div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Point 1:</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"> A phrase
beginning of a word “of” creates one of the most commonly made subject-verb
mistakes.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Example: One <u>of</u> the parents <u>is</u> angry.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Explanation: The subject is <u>one</u>, which is singular,
so the verb is singular <u>is</u>.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br />
<br />
<b>Point 2:</b> The verb in an <i>or, either/or,</i> or <i>neither/nor </i>sentence
agrees with the noun or pronoun closest to it.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Examples: Neither Mom nor Dad <b>is</b> available.<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Either he or she <b>is</b>
available to volunteer</span></span></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Explanation: Both subjects are singular, so the verb is also
singular. </span></span></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br />
</span></i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Example: Neither the serving bowl
nor the <u>plate</u>s <b>go</b> on that shelf. </span></span></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Explanation: The subject closest to the verb is plates
(plural), so the verb is plural. </span></span></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Point 3:</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;"> Use a
plural verb for two or more subjects when connected by “and.”</span></span></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Example: A book “and” a pencil are all I need to study.</span></span></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<span style="color: purple;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Exception: When “and” is a part of a compound nouns, use a
singular verb. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="layout-grid-mode: char; line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="color: purple;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 14.0pt;">Thanks for visiting my blog. Visit my <span style="color: blue;">Editor Website.</span> And follow me on <span style="color: blue;">Twitter~</span> </span></span></div>
S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com65tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-58971271604501893852019-02-11T20:04:00.001-08:002019-05-19T06:33:40.440-07:00American English vs British English: Write Responsibly Slowly, the British English spelling crept into American society and remained undetected or ignored. But no more. Don't get me wrong. I lived in Britain for four years, which was one of the happiest times in my life. However, using their spelling in our country is wrong. After all, we fought in the war to gain independence, so why are we letting the Briticism take over? It's an epidemic that is spreading far and wide, even impacting school newsletter that students read. <br />
<br />
1st offender is the media, which uses the AP style that is acceptable for international news. It is the biggest culprit because people trust what they see on the news or the news channel. The truth is even they go back and forth without thinking about the impact they have on the audience.<br />
<br />
2nd offender is the Internet. Everyone with a computer and access to the Internet can put up whatever they want. This is the era of "alternative facts" that makes my mental anguish unbearable. when you search up one thing, hundreds of different answers pop up, and 90% of them are opinions, not facts.<br />
<br />
3rd biggest offender is my beloved self-published writers who published their books without having their books edited by professional editors. I've talked about this problem for years, so I digress.<br />
<br />
My solution is simple and very elementary. But if enough people read this post, use the words themselves, and pass it on, it will result in change. It's a small impact and slow too, but it's a start. If you're American or writing for the American audience, don't use British English spelling. I will list some simple examples that I hope will be helpful. Please retweet and share this post. Let's take our language back!<br />
<br />
<u>American English </u> <u> British English</u><br />
<br />
Some words are spelled airplane aeroplane<br />
differently altogether. jail gaol<br />
<br />
The "er" is reversed. center centre<br />
theater theatre<br />
<br />
Adding "u" for no reason. color colour<br />
labor labour<br />
<br />
Past tenses with "t." burned burnt<br />
spelled spelt<br />
<br />
Adding extra letters canceling cancelled, cancelling<br />
traveled, traveling travelled, travelling<br />
<br />
programed programmed<br />
"ce" instead of "se" defense defence<br />
license licence<br />
<br />
"se" instead of "ze" organize organise<br />
recognize recognise<br />
<br />
Double vowels "ae" or "oe" maneuver manoeuvre<br />
leukemia leukaemia<br />
<br />
Adding "s" toward, forward, backward towards, forwards, backwards. <br />
<br />
Using y for i and e for a tire tyre<br />
gray grey(50 Shades angers me because it was written about American<br />
characters living in America. So, <br />
why that spelling in the book title?<br />
Should've hired an editor.)<br />
<br />
<br />S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com17tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-43352759346204219342015-06-02T11:17:00.001-07:002019-02-11T18:26:51.661-08:00I or Me? - Seriously, this is a problem.<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 14pt;">Writers, I can’t pinpoint when this trend began,
but these days, I can’t go a day without hearing someone say “I” when the correct word to use was “me.” In person and on TV/radio.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">“This house isn’t for I.” “Between you and
I.” “He can’t do this to you or I.”</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Wrong. Wrong. Wrong.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Some might've accepted it
as a sophisticated option of the two because of the unreliable media or peers. But here’s the
fact. The subject of “I or Me” wasn’t, isn’t, and will never be debatable. Here’s
a succinct explanation.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Both I and me are pronouns. That's where the similarity ends.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Within a
sentence, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #7030a0;">I</span></b>
is a <span style="color: #7030a0;">subject</span>, and <span style="color: #274e13;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #833c0b; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 128;">me</span></b></span>
is an <span style="color: #274e13;"><span style="color: #833c0b; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 128;">object</span></span>.</span><br />
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Basic
Sentence = <span style="color: #7030a0;">Subject + </span>Verb + <span style="color: #274e13;"><span style="color: #833c0b; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 128;">Object</span></span></span></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Examples of I:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I drank milk.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I went to school.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Examples of me: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He gave it to me.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There’s a wall
between you and me.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Incorrect Example:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sam gave the homework to you and I.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">When <u><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">you</i></u> is taken out, it becomes <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u>Sam gave the homework to I</u>.</i></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Does that sound right? NO.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Of course, there's an exception in every case. For example, you may still answer the phone with "this is she/he." I won't get into an explanation, which would be 2 paragraphs long and would make this post no longer succinct.</span> Thanks for visiting my blog, and as always, check out my <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/" target="_blank"><u><span style="color: #0070c0;">website</span></u></a> for my complete list of my editing
service. Happy writing~<br />
<br />
Fair warning. Writers, please stop using the wrong pronoun from this point forward. If you keep doing it, you'll be a target of ridicule by me or the "educated" public. #Stabbylove<br />
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<![endif]-->S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-2407983897645024092014-10-01T16:01:00.000-07:002020-05-05T09:49:01.271-07:00Abbreviation, Acronym, or Initialism? Know the Difference. <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
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<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">This is such a simple matter, but so many
people use these terms in the wrong way. So, here’s a short and sweet
explanation.</span><br />
<br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">First and foremost, ALL acronyms and initialisms are
types of abbreviations.</span></i><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">According to the dictionary, an acronym is a
word formed from the initial letters or groups of letters of words in a set
phrase or series of words. And initialism is a set of initials representing a
name, organization, or the like. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Basically, aren't they the same thing? <b>No</b>. </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Here's the difference. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 14pt;">In acronyms, the initials like OPEC and
NATO become new words, so they're pronounced as words. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">In initialisms, each letter is pronounced as in PBS and HTML.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14pt;">Thanks for visiting my blog. Feel free to tweet or comment if you have any question. For my editing
services, visit my<span style="color: blue;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><span style="color: blue;"></span><span style="color: blue;"><u><span style="color: #4472c4; font-family: "calibri" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/"><span style="color: #4472c4; mso-themecolor: accent5;">website</span></a></span></u></span>. Until next time, happy
writing~</span><br />
<br />S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com13tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-42010860140153944352014-04-29T17:26:00.002-07:002019-02-11T18:24:57.093-08:00A Collection of Commonly Confused, Misused & Misspelled Words and Phrases <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">*This is an updated version of my old post. I
will continue to add more words/phrases to this collection, so please check
back from time to time.*</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br />
<i>This post is a compilation of the commonly confused and misused English terms.
Much too often, I see writers making very basic mistakes without realizing it.
Either they didn't know the definition, or they made a simple typo. These days,
writers rely on spellcheckers on Word or grammar software to fix all the
errors. But do you know what? The spellchecker will only highlight the
misspelled words, not fix the incorrect usage of the words. Yes, this job is
for the humans. Writers and editors. I hope this helps~</i></span><br />
<i>
</i><br />
<br />
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Accept/Except</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> accept: to take or receive
except: but, excluding</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Adapt/Adopt</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> adapt: adjust adopt:
choose, take</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Adverse/Averse </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> adverse: unfavorable, harmful
averse: reluctant, opposition to something </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Advise/Advice</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> advise: verb (I advised him.)
advice: noun (I gave him an advice.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Affect/Effect</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> affect: produce an effect, verb (She
affected him) effect: noun, (Headache is the effect of
stress.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Aggravate/Annoy</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> aggravate: make worse annoy:
pester or irritate E.g.: Peter was annoyed when his boss aggravated the
situation by telling the other co-workers. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Aid/Aide</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> aid: help, assistance (verb, adjective,
noun) aide: assistant (the person who is giving the
aid/help)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">All ready/already </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> all ready: completely prepared (Dinner is all
ready.) already: by or before stated
time (You’re done already?)</span><br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Altogether/All together </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> altogether: entirely all
together: everything in one place, gathered</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Allusion/Illusion </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> allusion: reference
illusion: false impression e.g.: Not understanding the allusion, he was
under the illusion that his turn would be next. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">A lot/Alot </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> a lot: right alot: wrong</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">All right/Alright</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> all right: right alright:
wrong</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Altar/Alter</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> altar: the table in a Christian church used to
worship alter: change (The length of the dress was altered to
match her height.</span><br />
<br />
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mso-para-margin-left:0in;
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<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Among/Between </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">among: more than two (Among all contestants, only
seven were good enough to qualify.) between: only two, in the
space separating two points (It’s just between you and me.)</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Anybody/Any body</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> anybody: any one person and interchangeable
with anyone (Anybody can do the job.) any body: <span class="ilfuvd">a noun phrase referring to an arbitrary body (They were looking
for not just any body but a body that was more than a hundred pounds.)</span></span><br />
<br />
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
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<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Anyway/Anyways</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> anyway: used to end or change conversation,
transitional word anyways: not a real word</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<b>*</b><b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Alumnus</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">: one male graduate <b>Alumni</b>:plural of alumnus or
alumna, several male or female graduates <b>Alumna</b>: one female graduate <b>Alumnae</b>:
plural of an alumna, several female graduates (Informally, people use the slang
"alum" or "alums.")</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Bare/Bear </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> bare: without, unconcealed, undisguised
bear: to hold up, support</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Beside/Besides </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> beside: by the side of (I want the table beside
the bed.) besides: in addition to (Besides, I wanted to sit beside
my dad.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Biannual/Semiannual/Biennial </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">biannual: twice a year semiannual: every half
year biennial: every other year</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Brake/Break</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> brake: a device to stop a moving vehicle
break: separate into pieces or interrupt </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Breath/Breathe </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> breath: noun- inhaled/exhaled air
breathe: verb-to inhale/exhale </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Capital/Capitol </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> capital (n): city serving as a government
center Capitol: a U.S. state or federal legislature building </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Canceled/Cancelled (canceling
/cancelling) </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> It angers me
whenever I see some TV news (by journalists and editors) and airports misusing
it so much! In America, use American English. Canceled is American English, and
cancelled isn't (use in Britain, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, etc.) Same
goes for travel. It's traveling/traveled, not travelling/travelled. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Cite/Site/Sight</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> cite: to quote, to summon site:
position or location of a town, building, etc. sight: vision
or a view</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Concurrent/Consecutive </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">concurrent (adj.): simultaneous or happening at the
same time as something else (The concurrent C's in this quarter lowered the GPA
for the entire semester.) consecutive (adj.): successive or
following one after the other (He made the honor rolls 3 consecutive time this
year.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Conscious/Conscience </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">conscious: awake conscience: inner guide
to right or wrong</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Continuous/Continual </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">continuous: constant with no interruption
continual: occurring repeatedly or recurring but could pause/have interruption</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Council/Counsel</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> council: a group that advises
counsel: to advise </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Complement/Compliment</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> complement: supplement, makes complete
compliment: praise </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Connote/Denote</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> connote (v): imply or suggest (Her
designer bags connote her high sense of style and her
wealth.) denote (v): indicate or refer to
specifically (The date is marked red to <b>denote</b> a particular
holiday.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Convince/Persuade </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">convince (v):<i> </i>cause (someone) to believe firmly
in the truth of something persuade (v): cause (someone) to do
something through reasoning or argument</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Course/Coarse</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> course: a route, a class, or part of the
idiomatic phrase "of course." coarse: rough (Her
hair was coarse, so it was hard to comb it.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Dessert/Desert</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> dessert: food served after the main meal
desert: arid, dry land</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Discreet/Discrete</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> discreet: showing prudence, careful (For her privacy, be discreet.)
discrete: consisting of or characterized by distinct or
individual parts</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Disinterested/Uninterested </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">disinterested: impartial, having no personal interest
uninterested: not interested</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Dual/Duel </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">dual: two (He meets both dual requirements.)
duel: a fight or a contest (He challenged me to a duel.) <b> </b></span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">ELICIT/Illicit </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">elicit:<b> </b>to draw or bring out
illicit: illegal</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Emigrate/Immigrate</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> emigrate: leave one's country to
live in another immigrate: come into a country to live permanently
<span class="ilfuvd">(Migrate is to move like birds in the winter.) </span></span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Envy/Jealous </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> envy: wanting someone else's possessions, qualities,
or luck jealous: feeling or showing envy of someone or their
achievements and advantages</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><b>Envelope/Envelop</b> envelope: the paper container you put your letter in envelop: wrap (I felt his arms envelop my body in a warm hug.)</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><b>Everyday/Every day </b> everyday: routine or daily (This is my everyday exercise plan.) every day: every single day (We need to check it every day without skipping a day.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Farther/Further</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> farther: physical distance (It’s farther
than xxxx.) further: metaphorical distance (This requires
further consideration.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Few/Less</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> few (adj.): countable - small in numbers (This class has
few students.) less (adj.): uncountable - small in amount
or degree (less in love)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Forego/Forgo </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> forego: to precede, to go before (Pianist will
forego the violinist since the violin part doesn't start until the middle of
the song.) forgo: to go without (I'm forgoing my birthday party
this year.) </span><br />
<br />
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
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<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Forward/forwards </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> forward: right forwards: British
English<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Same goes for toward, backward, etc.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><b>Good/Well</b> good (adj.): high-quality manner or correctly well (adv.): in a good or satisfactory way (You did well on the test because the score was good.) </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">I/Me</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> I: subject of a verb (Sam and I are studying.)
me: object of a verb (It’s between you and me.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">It’s/Its</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> it’s: contraction for it is or it has
its: indicates possessive like his or theirs</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">i.e./e.g.</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> i.e.: therefore, that is
e.g.: for example</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Imply/Infer</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> imply: suggest, state indirectly, hint
infer: deduce, make an educated guess, conclude (Give &
Take: One person gives an implication, and the other takes it and then infers
it.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Impact </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">(n): a powerful or major influence or effect NOT to be used as a verb.
And "impactful" is not a real word. It's a nonstandard English.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><b>In/Into </b> in: within, </span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">expressing the situation of being enclosed or surrounded by something into: from the outside to the inside (e.g. Go into the house, and stay in my room.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Incite/Insight</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> incite: to stir up, to stimulate (Your
bad attitude will only incite more negative feedback.)
insight: deep understanding, awareness (It offers insight to the minds of the
writers.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Insure/Ensure</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> insure: insurance, secure (We'll insure
ourselves for further damage.) ensure: to guarantee, make sure
(She must ensure that she doesn't miss this appointment.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Intend/Intent </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> intend: verb, to plan or want to do
intent: noun, the thing that you plan to do</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Interrupt/Interject</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> interrupt: break the continuity
interject: say, insert something abruptly </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">IRREGARDLESS</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> is not a standard English word!! Actually, it used to
be a couple of hundred years ago, but people figured out it was redundant to
have 2 negatives that cancel each other out. Prefix "ir" means not,
and suffix less also means not. So, you have regard left, which <b>IS</b> a
real word. And for the love of everything cuddly and fluffy like a new born
puppy, use regard. And if you mean the opposite, use disregard or regardless.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Jive/Jibe </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">jive: to tease or to dance jibe: to agree
or be in accord</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Lay/Lie </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> lay: to put down, not to be used for humans as humans lie down,
not lay down lie: to recline as in lie down or tell untruth </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Lightening/Lightning</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> lightening: illuminate, brightening
lightning: accompany thunder</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Like/As </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> like: followed by a noun (cute like a puppy, sings like
her father) as: followed by a verb (cute as a puppy I bought,
sings as her father would like to sing) </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Lose/Loose</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> lose: no longer have (lost)
loose: not tight, careless (My belt is loose.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Loath/Loathe</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> loath: reluctant, unwilling
loathe: intense hate, disgust (I'm loath to join a
gym, but that doesn't mean that I loathe exercising.) </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br />
<b>Moral/Morale</b> moral: lesson (noun-the moral of the story
is...) or righteous (adjective-he has the moral of a saint)
morale: enthusiasm, confidence (Flowers sent by strangers increased the morale
of the patient. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Nauseous/Nauseated</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> Nauseous is what causes one to feel
nauseated. Saying "I'm nauseous" is like saying "I'm
gross." Correct way is "I feel nauseated because of that nauseous
smell." </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Necessary/Necessity</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> necessary: adjective- being essential
necessity: noun- the fact of being necessary </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Passed/Past</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> passed: verb in past tense
past: can be adjective, adverb, preposition, noun, but never verb</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Peak/Peek/Pique </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> peak: pointed top of anything
peek: a quick look pique: intrigue or stimulate</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Poor/Pore/Pour</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> poor: low quality, unfortunate,
impoverished pore: tiny opening in a surface or think intently,
scrutinize pour: transfer liquid </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Principle/Principal</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> principle: doctrine, truth
principal: first, main (school principal)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Purposely/Purposefully</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> purposely: intentionally
purposefully: demeanor or manner of someone determined or resolute (To show
them you mean it, you might purposefully widen your eyes.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Recur/Reoccur </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> recur: to occur over and over (like a recurring
nightmare) reoccur: happen again </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Riffle/Rifle</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> riffle: rapidly flip or shuffle through
rifle: flip/shuffle though or ransack with intent to steal</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Role/Roll</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> role: function or position,
characteristic of a person, portrayal of an actor, etc.
roll: to move forward on a surface, to travel (Elvis played a big role in the
history of rock and roll.)</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Staring/Starring</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> staring: looking starring: have
someone as a performer in a movie, play, etc.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Stationary/Stationery </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> stationary: not moving
stationery: writing paper</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Tenant/Tenet </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">tenant: pays rent to reside on a
property tenet: a principle held as true, especially by
a group</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Than/Then</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> than: comparative (I’m bigger than you.)
then: refers to time (I’ll see you before then.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">There/Their</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> there: in or at that place (It’s right
there.) their: possessive of they (It’s their TV.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Toward/Towards </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> toward: right towards:
wrong (never ‘s’ ending, maybe in U.K.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">To/Too/Two </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> to: in a direction
toward too: also two: 2</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><b>Troupe/Troop</b> troop: group of people troupe: group of actors </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><b>Try to/Try and</b> try to is grammatically correct and is used in American English try and is less formal and often used in British English. (e.g. The lady said she would try to get the dress in my size; I hoped she would try and keep looking.) "Try and" results in two verbs/two actions, which changes the meaning. Conclusion? Just use "try to."</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Use to be/Used to be</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> It’s always used with a “d.”</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Vain/Vane/Vein</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> vain: conceited
vane: a thin, rigid, flat, or sometimes curved surfaces radially mounted along
an axis vein: blood vessel</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Waist/Waste</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> waist: middle of a body around the
tummy waste: to use, consume, spend, or trash</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br />
<b>Was/Were</b> was(singular): could be true E.g.: If he was here,
he'd be controlling the TV as usual. were(plural): hypothetical
or fantasy </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">E.g.: If I were God, I'd get rid of snow.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Weather/Wether/Whether </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> weather: climate, temperature, etc.
wether: a castrated ram whether:
used to introduce alternative possibilities (We don't care whether you eat or
not.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Who/Whom</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> who: subject whom: object</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">E.g.: The easiest way is by looking at the
answer. Is the answer a subject or an object? Who is that? I did. (The answer
is I, subject) To whom are you speaking? I’m speaking to him. (The answer is
him, object)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Who/Which/That </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> who: people which: never for
people that: okay for a group of people</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Which/That </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">which: non-restrictive and a comma comes before it.
The phrase can be taken out without changing the meaning of the sentence.
(I had breakfast, which was in the morning.) </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">that: restrictive and NO comma. If the
phrase that follows is taken out, the meaning changes. (I saw a man that the police was looking for.)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Your/You're</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> I can't believe I have to explain this,
but I've seen it so many times just on Twitter alone. I detest it. your:
possessive form of you, belonging to, etc. you're:
contraction of you are ("You're not your mother!")</span><br />
<br />
<b><u><span style="font-size: 18.0pt;">Phrases</span></u></b><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Bated Breath/</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">baited breath Bated breath is
correct. Bated means in great suspense; very anxiously or excitedly. e.g. He
waited for his SAT score with bated breath.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Beckon call/Beck and
call </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">beck and
call is correct, meaning you’re available at someone’s command. (I'm not your
beck and call! I won't be on standby just waiting for you in case you might
want me. I'm done!)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Buck Naked </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">is correct, not butt naked. </span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br />
Can I/May</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> <b>I </b> can: it
denotes ability may: used in asking for permission </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">(E.g.: "Can I drink coke?"
"You can since you have the physical ability to drink it, but you may not
drink it since you didn't ask properly." "Fine. May I drink
coke?" "Yes, you may.")</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Couldn’t care less </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">shows indifference. Basically, you don't give a crap.
Wrong way: "could care less," which means you could or would care.
So, this is saying if you could, you would.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Deep seeded/Deep Seated </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">seated is correct as it means something is established
firmly below the surface</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Did a 360 is wrong</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> because that means you did a full circle and returned
to the same spot. The intended meaning of this term is to say you did/are a
complete opposite. So, <b>did a 180</b> (which would have you turn
around/complete opposite point) is correct. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">First-come, first-served</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> indicates the participants will be served
in the order in which they arrive. The wrong way: first-serve, which is the
wrong tense.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br />
<b>For all intents and purposes</b> officially or effectively Wrong
way: for all intensive purposes </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> <b> </b></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Free reign/rein </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Some might say "reign" makes more sense
since it's ruling as a monarch. However, you're allowing a horse to determine
its own path with its reins loosened, so metaphorically speaking, you have more
power/freedom as a person. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">In this day and age </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> means now, at the present time. Wrong way: "day
in age," which means day inside an age? It's plainly dumb. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">It's a <b>dog-eat-dog/dog eat dog</b> world,
not doggy dog world, which looks and sounds stupid.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Mano a mano</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">: hand to hand </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br />
<b>Nip it in the bud</b> (not butt) the literal meaning: to stop a flower or
plant from growing, but it's used say to stop something before it gets out of
hand.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br />
<b>One and the same</b> Same thing or same person. Wrong way:
"one in the same."</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">E.g.: When Mia was homeschooled, her teacher
and her mother were one and the same. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Pawned off/Palmed off </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> When you want to dump something/someone
you don't want to someone else, it's actually "palming" off because
it means trickery. </span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Peaked/Piqued my interest</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> pique is correct because it means to
stimulate.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Pour over/Pore over </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> If you’re carefully inspecting something,
intently studying, or reflect upon something, you're poring over it. (Pore
over) pour: spill, flow of liquid</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Scot-free/Scott-free
Scot is correct. </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">It<b> </b></span>means
getting away with no punishment, unharmed<br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Should have (should've) & Could have
(could've) are correct. </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Should of
& could of are wrong. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Shoe-in/Shoo-in </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> It's a shoo-in,” meaning something easily
ushered in, guaranteed win.</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Slight of hand/Sleight of hand</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> sleight: describes a form of
trickery, as in “sleight of hand magic so <b>sleight</b> is correct.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"><br />
<b>Statue/Statute</b> of limitations Statue is a stone sculpture, so
it's wrong. A statute of limitations is a law that describes the limited time
frame in which legal measures can be taken. </span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Supposed to be</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> (correct)<b>/Suppose</b> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">to be </b>(wrong)<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b> It’s
always supposed with a “d.”</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Supposedly</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> (correct)<b> Supposably: NOT</b> a real word, nonstandard English <b><br /></b></span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Unfazed </span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">is correct, not unphased as you're trying to say one is not fazed
(disturbed, troubled)</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Wet your appetite/Whet your appetite
(correct)</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> whet: a thing that
stimulates appetite or desire</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Worst-case scenario</span></b><span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> is correct, not worse-case because worst is at the
top of the level. </span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">There are more, and it's very difficult to
remember all of them. Do yourself a favor and hire an <span style="color: red;"><a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/"><span style="color: #4472c4;">editor</span>.</a></span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;">Thanks for visiting my blog. Happy writing~</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span> <br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span>
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<![endif]-->S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com44tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-50906841860656179412013-08-07T13:13:00.000-07:002019-02-11T20:58:21.313-08:00Compound Words–When To Hyphenate<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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Today’s post is about compound words. We use them every day,
yet just a handful can use them correctly. Too often, I see writers just cramming
words together or sticking hyphens where they don’t belong. Don't feel bad. We've all done it before. Hopefully, you won't do it again after reading this post. Here's a simplified answer. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Compound words, by definition, are two or more words put
together to form a new word or new meaning. There are three categories of
compound words: closed, open, and hyphenated. I'll explain each of them in
detail with examples.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Closed Compounds</b> are when words are joined together to make
a new one like keyboard (key+board), crosswalk, everything, upside, moonlight, coordinate,
multicultural, etc. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Open Compounds</b> have a space between them, but you read them together as one to form a new meaning. Ex: middle class, half sister,
post office, real estate, etc.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Hyphenated Compounds</b> are obviously words that are connected
by hyphens like mother-in-law, editor-in-chief, well-being, high-priced,
etc. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Okay, here’s where it gets tricky. The hyphen
part. Hyphenate when words form an adjective that precedes a noun (what is
being modified) but not when it follows a noun. Do not hyphenate words ending
in “ly.” I'm going to show you both, but first, I'll show you examples of all three compounds. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br />
<span style="color: #0b5394;">*Rick was a firefighter. (Closed compound.)</span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394;">*Rick was well respected. (Open compound.)<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #0b5394;">*Rick was a well-respected firefighter. (It becomes a hyphenated compound after being placed before a noun, which is closed compound.)</span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0b5394;">*They have highly trained employees. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #0b5394;">*Their employees are highly trained. ("ly" word, so no hyphens in either of them.)</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: #0b5394;">There are exceptions such as well being, which can be used with or without a hyphen. </span></div>
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<br />
It's impossible to list all the exceptions and examples in a single post. And no one expects a writer to be perfect in English and grammar. After all, that's why editors exist. However, all writers should continuously learn and research to improve their writing skills. Master the craft of creative writing with the right editor by your side as your guide. And you will, one day, produce a piece that you can proudly call your own.<br />
<br />
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<!--EndFragment-->S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-83706031728673115302012-12-10T11:12:00.001-08:002020-05-05T09:54:47.885-07:00Comma 101: Everything Writers Should Know About Commas<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="color: #38761d;">Misusing a
comma is the number one cause of punctuation error. Even the seasoned writers
misplace it once in a while. So, are the correct placement and usage of commas
really that important? Hell yes. Let me show you a short-and-sweet example
(some of you may have seen a similar example before). </span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><i>1.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-style: normal;">
</span></i><!--[endif]--><i>Don’t kill<b><span style="color: red;">,</span></b> Mom.<o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><i>2.<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-style: normal;">
</span></i><!--[endif]--><i>Don’t kill Mom. <o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: #38761d;">See the
difference? In number 1, you’re telling Mom not to kill. In number 2, you’re
telling another person not to kill Mom. Get it? That single comma changed the
entire meaning of the sentence. Here is a comprehensive guide to help you learn
all about commas. Study it. Especially if you want to call yourself a writer. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->Before coordinating conjunctions (and/or/but/yet…)
to join independent clauses. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Ex: <i>I went home, but you went to
school.</i><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->After the clause with subordinating
conjunctions (after/when/because…).<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Ex: <i>Because I went home, you went
to school.</i><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->After conjunctive adverbs (however,
hence, instead…). Don’t forget to place semicolons before them. Exceptions are
when they’re used as interrupters; then, you will wrap them with commas instead
of a semicolon and a comma. The example is shown in number 4.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Ex: <i>I went home; however, you went
to school. <o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4.<span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->Around interrupters-adjective/appositives/parenthetical
clauses, etc. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Ex: <i>The book, which was covered in
dust, appeared old.<o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5.<span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->Series of three or more items. The red comma is called a serial comma or Oxford comma. (Omission in newspaper articles is one of the few exceptions.) <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Ex: <i>I want to eat cookies,
candies<span style="color: #cc0000;">,</span> and pancakes.</i><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6.<span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->Between coordinate adjectives (more
than one adjective).<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Ex: <i>I love cold, hard cash. </i><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->7.<span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> </span><!--[endif]-->After introductory clauses
(prepositional/participial/adverbial, etc.)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
Ex: <i>Kicking, I ran after the ball.
As the door closed, I screamed.</i><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle">
<br /></div>
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Ex: <i>I want you, not him.</i><o:p></o:p><br />
<i><br /></i></div>
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Ex: <i>You want me, don’t you? </i><o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Ex: <i>My date of birth is August 21,
1981, and my address is 25 Lalaland Street, Fantasy Island</i>.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->11.<span style="font-family: "times new roman";"> </span><!--[endif]--> Names and titles.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Ex: <i>Tom Park, Ph.D., (Tom Park, PhD) is my mentor. </i><br />
<i>In academic papers, refer to the style being used such as APA, MLA, Chicago Style, etc. </i><o:p></o:p></div>
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miscellaneous. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Ex: <i>A few weeks before, I saw her.
I’ll do it, just to be sure.</i> <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: #38761d;">Whew. I
think I’ve got all of them. I hope. Well, since you’re here, check out my other
writing/editing tip posts. If you need an editor, please visit my</span> <span style="color: #cc0000;"><a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/" target="_blank">editing website</a>
</span><span style="color: #38761d;">and try my free, sample edits. Thanks for visiting my blog. Happy writing~</span><span style="font-size: medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<!--EndFragment-->S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com20tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-41665627137730302692012-09-08T13:32:00.001-07:002014-02-04T07:08:47.343-08:00Twitter #writetip and #EditTip #12<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="color: #351c75;">Hello~ Due to my crazy schedule, I haven't been blogging much lately. While I work on my next big blog post, here's the 12th collection of my writing and editing tips from Twitter. As we all know, it's difficult to convey a message when you're on Twitter, which has a limited space. But I do try to be succinct and make the tips easy to understand. They're not grammatical, complete sentences, but I hope they are useful to the writers. But these short tips aren't the only thing I do on this blog!</span></div>
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<span style="color: #351c75;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: #351c75;">I've covered the basics of creative writing by doing posts on subjects like POV, prologue, dialogue tags, etc ( </span><a href="http://sirragirl.blogspot.com/search/label/Long%20Writing%20and%20Editing%20Tips" style="color: #351c75;" target="_blank">long writing and editing tips</a><span style="color: #351c75;">). There are special posts where indie writers can promote their book, a post with links to over 200 literary agencies, or a post with a collection of commonly misused and confused words. Also, you can read all the guest posts by other writers and editors or read my guest posts on other blogs. So, take a tour of this blog to learn about creative writing and editing. If there's any topic, big or small, that you don't see here and would like me to cover, just let me know. If you need my editing service, please visit </span><span style="color: #cc0000;"><a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/">my editor website</a> </span><span style="color: #351c75;">for fees and services. Thanks for visiting my blog. Happy writing~</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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Newbie #writers' 1st book is a series. Stretching a
simple plot to death with unnecessary filler words & scenes <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Your eyes miss errors in your MS b/c your brain
reads them as how you meant to write them. Read your MS aloud <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Be careful taking writing/editing advice from
fellow writers. They may mean well, but most had no formal education or
training.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Adverbs modify verbs. Hence, they're called
adverbs, not adjectives.<o:p></o:p></div>
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"I yelled loudly"--Yes<o:p></o:p></div>
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"I yelled loud"--No!<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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If writers insist on replacing rich, vivid
descriptions with adverbs? I, the editor, insist on deleting those adverbs. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Writers. Lately, I'm seeing MS with all short,
impact fragments or comma-filled run-ons. Variety in sentence structure is a
must.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Consider editors/betas' advice in MS length. You're
writing for readers, not yourself. And they don't want to read an unending book<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Writers. Are you writing for yourself or the readers? If you're
unwilling to learn/change/adapt, your only audience will be YOU. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="color: #262626;">If your book is in a genre that has been
written to death/saturated the market (ex: para romance), the plot & protagonist
MUST stand out.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://twitter.com/search/?q=%23Writers&src=hash"><span style="color: #56b4cb; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"></span><span style="color: #56b4cb; mso-bidi-font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">#</span><span style="color: #1187aa; mso-bidi-font-family: "Helvetica Neue"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Writers</span></a><span style="color: #262626;">! You
revise/rewrite. <a href="https://twitter.com/search/?q=%23Editors&src=hash"><span style="color: #56b4cb; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"></span><span style="color: #56b4cb; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">#</span><span style="color: #1187aa; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Editors</span></a> edit. Leave the editing to the pros,
and your MS will be corrected & polished, i.e. publishable.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #262626;">The effort writers put in to writing something
does not automatically entitle them to readers. So keep learning.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #262626;">Breaking all the rules doesn't make you a
"rebel" or "unique." It makes you a "yet another idiot
who can't learn the rules."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #262626;">A basic sentence has a subject, a verb, and an
object. When adding a modifier, make it clear which one of those you're modifying.
<span style="color: #56b4cb; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><a href="https://twitter.com/search/?q=%23writetip&src=hash"></a></span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #262626;">Building platforms & networking are all
good. But first and foremost, a writer must write good books. Or learn how. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
<!--EndFragment-->S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-2974699570996995862012-06-05T11:06:00.001-07:002019-06-13T19:12:26.829-07:00Twitter Writetip and EditTip #11<br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;"></span>Here's another collection of my latest Twitter write tips and edit tips. Thanks for visiting my blog~</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">In multi POV, each character must have a distinctive voice. Consistently. It's incredibly hard to do! #writetip #stabbylove Stick with one.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">When you're watching a movie, you never know what they're thinking. Yet we can relate and feel for them. That's pure showing.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">#stabbylove There are other ways to join phrases/sentences together besides using conjunctions (and, but, or...). Don’t use them 2000 times! #EditTip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Having a wide vocabulary doesn't mean use every word in the dictionary. Use only the ones that fit your genre & voice. <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23writetip">#writetip</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Writers. Slow pacing due to repetition and redundancy is a guaranteed rejection. Use active, showing prose. <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23writetip">#writetip</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px; text-decoration: underline;">#s</span>tabbylove</a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">American writers. Know your spelling. Drop the "e"; you're not British. Salable, likable, movable, etc. <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23EditTip">#EditTip</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23writetip">#writetip</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px; text-decoration: underline;"> <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">A substantive edit is like a course with a writing coach. Often, writers' skills improve more than the books. <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23writetip">#writetip</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23EditTip">#EditTip</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">4 am <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23writetip">#writetip</a> Don't use bland verbs with adverbs. Instead, use a single, evocative verb. Ex: jump=good; get up quickly=bad <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">In a good book, an antagonist must have layered, complex characteristics. You can't just make him "villainy" for no good reason. <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23writetip">#writetip</a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Don't overuse hyphenated/compound words. Single adjective would suffice. Especially if those words are wrong. <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23writetip">#writetip</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23edittip">#edittip</a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Writers! Invest time/money & produce quality books. Writing IS a business. 99¢ doesn't justify poor quality. Readers won't fall for it twice</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Writing is personal; publishing isn't. It's a profit-earning business that requires time/$ investment. Grow thick skin & be professional <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Writers take advice from writers/random bloggers but not literary pros(editor/agent/teacher) Where's the logic in that? <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23edittip">#edittip</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Why can't you get DUNNO ALRIGHT AIN'T don't belong in professional writing except in dialogue? Use them in text messages like any dumb 13 y/o</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Quotation marks don't make DIALOGUE. They're spoken words that help narrate the story and exhibit each character's distinct VOICE. #writetip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">For my editing services, please visit <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/"><span style="color: #cc0000;">www.sirraedits.com</span></a></span></div>
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S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-8139913026821567392012-05-07T19:46:00.000-07:002019-06-07T16:59:50.427-07:00What's in a Word?<br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Words. I’m an editor who make a living deleting, adding, correcting, and manipulating words. For writers. Writers make a living, or try to, by writing words. But what’s in the words they use? What makes an arrangement of certain words the “award-winning prose” and another something that makes people cringe? </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">If writers are serious about their craft, they should be extremely particular about the words they use. The choice of words can change the entire feel of the book. It’s so sad to see some just butchering English. While there are newbies who’ve yet to master the skills, there are stubborn writers who refuse to change, even when they know they’re wrong. Those people are inexcusable, and they are a lost cause for me, so I’m not going to waste a blog post on them. Also, I’m getting tired of arguing with them on Twitter. This post is for the newbies or those willing to learn and change.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">This year alone, I’ve worked with 17 writers or authors, and 8 were writers I met through Twitter. Regardless of where I met them, there is a common theme among the newbie writers. Their word usage. Too often, writers feel the need to make their books sophisticated and intelligent by using overtly technical and rarely used words. That is fine if the subject of a book calls for such language and the words are used correctly. But when they’re wrong, their attempts to appear as experienced writers actually backfire and make them look amateurish. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Think I’m being harsh? Maybe. I’m trying to be helpful. It really bothers me when words that don’t belong in a book just pop up out of nowhere. Those words don’t add anything to the story and change the flow of the writing all together. The words used in a book must fit the genre, time, setting, and the voice of the characters. You wouldn’t have an “average” 8-year-old character thinking to himself “I can’t quite articulate today’s impetuous shift in the climate, but my body will acclimate,” would you? Or would you use popular vocabulary from the last century in a futuristic science fiction? Also, the writers often end up using a wrong word because they assumed the word meant one thing, but, in fact, the word meant something quite opposite. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">And the trend is getting uglier. Blame the lack of quality education in this century. The use of slangs, abbreviations, and non standard words in literature is growing. No, I will not get into another argument over all right vs. alright, but as told in this<a href="http://criticalawesomeness.wordpress.com/2012/05/08/standard-and-nonstandard-words/"> excellent blog post</a>, writers should know better. As stated in that post and in my tweet, just because the word is in the dictionary and is commonly used, it doesn't mean it belongs in a book. Come on, writers. Your books are not emails to your friends or a casual blog post. They’re professional products and should be treated as such. Remember the advice below.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #20124d;">Know the definition of every, single word you use in your book. </span></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #20124d;">Ensure the words are standard and acceptable for professional writing.</span></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #20124d;">Ensure they fit the voice of your characters or the narrator. </span></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #20124d;">Ensure they are readable and can be easily understood by your target audience.</span></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #20124d;">Use every word with intent and give it purpose.</span></span></div>
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Here are 6 rules on clear writing taken from George Orwell's famous essay, Politics and English Language. I strongly recommend it to every writer.<br />
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1. Never use a metaphor, simile, or other figure of speech which you are used to seeing in print.<br />
2. Never use a long word where a short one will do.<br />
3. If it is possible to cut a word out, always cut it out.<br />
4. Never use the passive where you can use the active.<br />
5. Never use a foreign phrase, a scientific word, or a jargon word if you can think of an everyday English equivalent.<br />
6. Break any of these rules sooner than say anything outright barbarous.<br />
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You’re a writer. You have to mean and be responsible for every word you write. Have pride in your craft. Lastly, I want to leave you with this quote because it has always been my favorite. And it also fits this topic.</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><i>“You don’t need a dictionary to read Hemingway.”</i></span><br />
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><i><br /></i></span>
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><i>My editor website is <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/"><span style="color: red;">www.sirraedits.com</span></a></i></span><br />
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S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com11tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-92022801770690804102012-04-03T11:45:00.000-07:002014-02-04T07:13:15.129-08:00Twitter Writetip and EditTip #10<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4c1130;">I can't believe that it's the 10th collection of my Twitter writing and editing tips. It's hard to put everything in 140 spaces, but I try. And I'll keep tweeting the tips for writers as long as someone is reading them. Check out my edit services</span> <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/"><span style="color: red;">www.sirraedits.com</span></a> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #4c1130;">Happy writing~ </span></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;">Limited dialogue and actions equate to one-dimensional characters. Give them more. They're humans, not bots. </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"><a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"><a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 14px;"><a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23EditTip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#EditTip</span></a></span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Conditional sentence: use WERE not WAS in the IF clauses. Ex: If I were rich, I'd stab with a diamond-blade sword. <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a> ^.^</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Readers don't need to read minds to understand. If writers can give imaginative & vivid writing, there's no need for multi POV #writetip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Self-indulgence will kill a book. Invoke feelings in your readers, not get lost in your characters' emotions. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23writetip">#writetip</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23EditTip">#EditTip</a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Dictionary/thesaurus are writers’ best friends. When in doubt, look it up. Especially the correct definition! #stabbylove #writetip #EditTip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Dialogues must be indicative of characters' age, personality, & language style. All characters must have distinct voices. #writetip #EditTip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">The subject & content decide if a book is YA or adult. Not the level of writing. Kids’ books don’t mean elementary writing #stabbylove</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Still catching tons of "as if" or "like" comparisons in writing. It's like the writer got lazy and stopped describing. <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23EditTip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#EditTip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">There's a universal theme in novice <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23writers"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#writers</span></a>.They always rely on pretentious words to make their book "sophisticated." #stabbylove #writetip </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">1) #writers Don't look for new, fancy words to describe same thing. Use your imagination. Find new things to describe #writetip #stabbylove GRRR</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">2) Don't use hard, technical words to dress up your MS. Especially if you don't know the definition or the correct usage! <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">3) Know the definition of every word you use. And mean every word. Or you create factual inaccuracies & inconsistencies. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">#Writers. How many words in your MS are filler words? You know, the words that don't add anything to the story? Delete. #stabbylove #EditTip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Writers who think they can edit their books objectively are either delusional or narcissistic. Or both. Even editors need editors. <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Present tense gives immediacy.But mixed w/ short/choppy sentence/fragments, it's like a crack-addict on speed wrote it <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a> <span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a></span></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">#writers DON'T ASSUME definitions. Use the dictionary. Every word in your book should be written with intention!!! #writetip #EditTip</span></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23writers">#writers</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;"> Don't limit yourself to 1 genre, target age group, or POV style. Then your writing and creativity will suffer. <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23amwriting"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#amwriting</span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Slanting sideways. Blending together. Scream loudly. Whispered quietly. Stand on feet. Reading with eyes. REDUNDANT! <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23EditTip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#EditTip</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#%21/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Purple prose. It has to be relevant and relate to the story. Don't use it in your book just because they sound pretty. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">2 or even multi POV, I can tolerate. Barely. But what if they're in the same scene? Abandon the MC's POV? Head-hop? Just not right. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23writers">#writers</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;"> Use ITALICS to emphasize and QUOTATION MARKS for direct quotes. Make the distinction. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a> <span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a></span></span></span></div>
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S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-18685712596766051112012-03-22T16:04:00.014-07:002014-02-04T07:14:52.465-08:00What It's Like To Be An Editor-what all editors really think<div style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 14px/normal Times; margin: 0px;">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">People often ask me what it takes to be an editor or what it’s like to be one. I usually don't complain about my work in detail because I love what I do. And the last thing I want to do is appear angry and bitter about my work. I'm usually just stabby about bad writing. With that said, I think it’s time that I say what all the editors want to say. They hold their tongues because they don't want to sound like a judgmental know-it-all or turn off potential clients. That's completely understandable. After all, it’s a job, their livelihood. But that's not going to stop me. I am very fortunate to have a well-paying dayjob. So I will rant. I have to. For my sanity..</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">1. <b>There are prerequisites.</b> It takes more than reading a few books or having perfect command of "the"(<---trying to add impact here) <em>English Grammar</em>. Editing in creative writing involves knowledge of the trend of the literary market. Then there’s the required reading. Lots of reading. We need to have a broad view, so we can’t afford to read only our favorite genre for pleasure. Years of education and/or hard-work go into producing a good editor. As writers know, a good, professional editor that one can connect with is a rare find. But do writers know what editors actually do or what it's like to be one?</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Having this title means investing time, sweat, and money. There are times that I spend an hour on editing just one page. I pull my hair out to come up with alternatives and examples to show my clients. And at $3 a page? It’s not that motivating. But I do it because I love my job. There are no powertrips here. We constantly deal with criticism and backlashes. We’re expected to do the impossible at times. And to do it for free. While we do our best to turn your work into something publishable, we can’t be your mentor or life coach. We simply don’t have the time or can’t afford to. Our time is money. Me? I will cut you off after the 20th followup email of the week. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">2. <b>No, I don’t have to love your book to edit it.</b> This is my personal experience, but I’m sure other editors share similar experiences. During an edit, I edit and turn in 30 pages at a time instead of waiting to finish the whole book. It's to save them from feeling bombarded. Whenever I turn in my edit, I get the same reaction almost every time. They say, “You don’t have to edit my book if you hate it so much.” </span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Um...what? </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Here’s my answer to all of them. I am a professional editor. My personal preferences do not dictate how I do my job. And if I thought it was perfect and loved it to death, what is there for me to edit? Writer, please. This is personal to you, but it’s not personal to me. Let us all be professional about it. It is a business. Unless you plan to give your books away for free, then it’s a hobby. Otherwise, grow thicker skin and let me do my job. I promise that I will do my best to improve your book, not change it. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">3. <b>But my book is special.</b> Yes, everyone feels that their books are special, unique, and should be published. So do I. I think my book should be the next number 1 on NY Bestseller list. But I’ve learned to distinguish fantasy from reality. Some writers haven’t. They go into a fit when they receive their first negative feedback, even after hiring an editor. I’d assume that people hire editors because they acknowledge their shortcomings and lack of the ability to self-edit. Why would you pay good money to hire an editor who won't fix anything? And if you don't agree with the suggestions, you don't have to keep them. It's your book. You have the last say on how it will be written. The end.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">So grow thicker skin. I’ve said it millions of times before. Honestly, the process is a simple one. Learn as much as possible and write it the best you can. Then send your books off to alpha/beta readers to get feedback, revise like crazy, and hire an editor for the final polish. Don't go into a tirade because an editor pointed out your love of run-on sentences or comma splices. Expect contructive criticism. Expect your MS to come back with markups. Expect an editor to show you how things can be changed. If you’re expecting fabulous praises and kisses and hugs, you shouldn’t hire an editor. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">I refuse to lie or stroke anyone’s ego to save feelings. Not even for money. Well...maybe for a million dollar check. Never mind. Anyway, this is how I roll. This is my life as an editor. My usually day is spent buried in manuscripts and hundreds of client emails. Not as fancy as you thought, right? Still, it's so wonderful when I make that special connection with a writer. From the moment we begin brainstorming and exchanging ideas to reading their final revision after my input was applied, it's an exciting journey. I believe that every book can be revised, rewritten, and edited to near perfection. When that stage is reached, both my client and I feel the satisfaction that no one but other editors and writers can comprehend. And that's what motivates me to go on editing.</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">If you want to see what I can do as an editor, get a free, 3-page sample edit from me. I’ll let my work speak for itself, not my ability kiss asses. Visit my <span style="color: red;"><a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/">editor website</a> </span>for more information on my editing service. Thanks for reading~ </span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Disclaimer: Because of my job, I'm constantly attacked by the Grammar Nazis. This is my personal blog, which I choose to share with the public, not a text book. I regularly start my sentences with conjunctions, end with prepositions, and even use contractions. I even use sentence fragments for impact. Like this. Someone mentioned my tense issues and unnecessary article use. So I had to reiterate the fact that this is a casual post. Conversational and easy to read. And like tweets and emails, I don't think it's required to be perfect. So...that's it. Just needed to say it to save those people time from pointing out the obvious. </span></div>
S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-1669918698543211812012-03-02T14:33:00.002-08:002014-02-04T07:15:44.191-08:00Twitter Writetip & EditTip Collection #9<div style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Here's the 9th collection of my Twitter writing and editing tips. As always, I had to make them short due to the space limit. If you have any question, just leave it in the comment section or tweet me. And if you're interested in my editing service, please visit my <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/"><span style="color: red;">editor website</span></a>. Thanks for visiting~</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">If your book has an ordinary/simple plot, don't stretch it into a series just for the sake of it. Not every book has a rich, epic plot.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">A rule of thumb. Don't use 25 words to say something that can be said with 5. Learn to be succinct. Delete. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Disguise them with commas and dashes all you want. They're still run-on sentences. You're not fooling me. -_- <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Comma splices are the most common problem for writers. When in doubt, just break up the sentence. Don't stick commas everywhere! <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Creative writing is much more than spelling/grammar. Hence, an English teacher doesn't mean an editor. Look up substantive editing. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23EditTip"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#EditTip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">I can always tell a newbie writer from the amount of purple prose they use. I don't care how sunlight shone through the window! <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Can you imagine if LOTR was written with a bunch of flowery, purple prose? Save for literary fiction where it may fit. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23EditTip"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#EditTip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Writers afraid of getting beta readers in fear of story being stolen. Um...nothing is original. It's all been written. It's how you execute.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Back to <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23amediting"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#amediting</span></a>. I'm constantly amazed at a writer's inability to use Search/Find function to check some words for over usage. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Visualize what your characters are doing before you write. Clearly. Don't just write random words that come to mind. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">I want to know what the protagonist looks like within first few pages. No info. dumping, just the physical characteristics. Is it just me?</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Age appropriate theme & language may seem elusive regarding YA and YA crossover. But remember that children are your audience. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">So far, my morning bathroom read was full of "I'm sad," he said sadly, in a sad voice. Lemme guess. He's sad? Ptooie. I need a shower.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Honestly, writers, READ YOUR MS OUT LOUD. It's important to check the fluidity of your words! Well-written words SOUND good, too. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Assign dialogue tags and action tags to the right speaker/do-er. Those by a different character needs to be in another line. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don't rely on comparisons, metaphors, or cliches. You're a writer. Write clear, vivid descriptions in your own words. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23writetip"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Distinguish between FARTHER & FURTHER. Farther has "far" it it, so it's physical distance. The other is the metaphorical distance. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23writetip"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">1)Writers. Don't ever use superlative in absolutes like "dead." You're either alive or dead. Never most dead or deadest. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23writetip"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">2)Yeah. Especially when you can't use "most" and "iest" together. It's either or. They just won't learn... <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">1)Once I read a MS that went on and on about the room with unnecessary descriptions. Thought I was reading Architectural Digest. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">2)Why should I care if an old, faded curtain in 3 shades of reds hung 5 inches, neatly over a 3x3 wood-framed window? Move on! <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search/%23stabbylove"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don't let your prejudices or stereotyping bleed into your books unless your character is a bigot. Ignorance and bad grammar make bad books.</span></div>
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S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-27328164592202474172012-02-11T21:22:00.000-08:002014-02-04T07:16:59.647-08:00Get An Editor by @vizprod (Andy Christofferson)<div class="MsoNormal">
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Here's another great guest post by an indie author Andy Christofferson (<a href="http://twitter.com/VizProd"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">@vizprod</span></a>). Check out his <a href="http://criticalawesomeness.wordpress.com/"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">blog</span></a> and his book <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Peace-Corpse-Misadventures-Africa-ebook/dp/B004ZXWOOI/"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px color: #1123a5; text-decoration: underline;">The Peace Corpse</span></a>. He explains the importance of having an editor in this post, which I firmly believe as an editor and writer. Enjoy~</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">I wrote a book. I thought my book was pretty good. Like so many naive writers, I assumed that it was 'done' just because it didn't have any major typos or grammatical errors. I even had my parents and sister go through it just to be sure. A lot of people have gone out of their way to tell me that they’ve enjoyed it, and I’m still proud of that. But there was a few complaints about the pacing and some of the description. The thing is: those are the kinds of things a good editor would catch.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">What most self-published people don't seem to realize is that editing isn't just about fixing typos. It encompasses pacing, characterization, voice, description, and all major and minor issues that can turn a merely good story into a GREAT one.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">Yes, I've sold a few books. That is nice, but maybe I could've had a breakout hit if I'd just made that one-time, initial investment of hiring an editor. Well, that, and actually having a decent cover. But that’s beside the point.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">For my next book, a high fantasy novella, I was determined to do things right. So I wrote and revised and had my family go through and look for typos, and <i>then </i>I looked for an editor. I found someone on Twitter who was offering a free two-page edit/critique, and I liked the job he did so much I asked him to edit the entire manuscript. He even gave me a discount.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">When I got my manuscript back, there were red marks on <i>every single page</i>. Wordiness, excessive use of adverbs, inconsistent point of view, too much exposition, melodrama, lack of description, overly detailed backstories, and so on. He said he enjoyed the story itself and even complimented me on my writing (in terms of grammar and sentence structure, at least), but I know I would be doing a gross injustice to readers if I put my story up for sale without fixing the aforementioned items.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">I am a professional technical writer and freelance editor—of scientific publications. I’m pretty confident in my ability to write grammatically correct sentences with few typos. That does not mean, however, that I can write perfect fiction without help. It isn’t easy to be objective with my own writing, especially when I’m too emotionally attached. After all, if I didn’t think every single sentence was perfect exactly the way I wrote it, <i>I wouldn’t have written it that way.</i></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">This is why writers need editors. It’s critical that the work go through the scrutiny of someone who is <i>not</i> emotionally vested and who can provide an honest, objective feedback. Having an editor is an indispensable part of creating a book because writers are often extremely subjective in their opinion, even if they don’t want to admit it.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0.0px;">With the rise of self-publishing, many Indie writers seem to think that editing is merely fixing typos. That is the job of proofreaders, not editors. I think this trend is really a shame. There is a significant number of Indie books out there that would’ve been exceptionally good if the author had just bothered with the one-time investment of <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/">hiring an editor</a>. In the end, that could’ve made all the difference.</span></div>
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S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com17tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-7148419379874694652012-01-16T10:47:00.001-08:002014-02-04T07:18:43.515-08:00Writing Descriptions in Creative Writing<div style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">It’s a common knowledge that description is an integral part of creative writing. It not only give the readers immediate sense of the world, it also must carry the plot forward at the same time. Just as dialogues, descriptions should be succinct, vivid, and easy to understand. As writers, you want to give the realistic world and relatable characters. After all, there’s nothing like a flat description that makes the readers’ eyes glaze over.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">However, many writers fall into the pit of information dumping or over-describing when the details should be woven into the narrative. There are two distinct mistakes when it comes to writing description. Some tells us every little information about the setting or the characters. Even the things the readers don’t actually need to know or want to know. And some give too little description. This is where the writer skim through the explanation lacking in world building. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Examples: I’ve read books where I had to read ten pages before I finally got to “see” the character. Until then, all I knew was the name and the gender. If this is your protagonist (MC), you need to give us a clear picture of him/her. The other bad example is over doing it. I’ve read books where the writers describe the character walking into a room in three paragraphs, telling every movement. And it wasn’t even necessary to the plot, meaning it didn’t add anything to the story or the character development. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">So how does one write perfect description? You need to find a balance. You need to create a vivid image using five senses. You have to articulate in a succinct manner. Writers, read your MS over again. Can some words be deleted without changing the scenery or the plot? Are there too much information that slows down the pacing? Are there too little world building? All writers need to learn to be objective and view their work with critical eyes. Now, I appreciate how difficult that can be, but that’s a writer’s job. If it were easy, everyone would be published authors. Good luck in your writing and revising process. Thanks for visiting my blog~</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><span style="color: blue;">If you need beta-reading, proofreading/copy edit, or substantive editing, please visit </span><span style="color: red;"><a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/">my editor website</a> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: blue;">and sample a 3-page free critique of your manuscript. I also offer query and synopsis critique. </span></span></div>
S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-73229360305110029222012-01-03T16:43:00.001-08:002014-02-04T07:19:57.262-08:003 Types of Dialogues and 2 Types of Tags<div style="color: #444444; font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">In my opinion, dialogue is the trickiest part of creative writing. Some writers may think that dialogue is the easiest part of fiction because all one has to do is to make them sound "natural." Yes, realistic dialogue is important. However, every dialogue must be essential to the story, show conflicts/tensions, and give voice to each character. Of course, there has to be a good balance of narration and dialogue, but I can’t help but feel that it’s the dialogue that shows the voice of authors and their characters.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">First, let me go over the different types of dialogue. There are internal, buried, and spoken dialogues. Here are very simple and easy to understand examples.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Internal: These are inner thoughts often italicized. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">The wind was freezing. <i>Crap, it’s cold!</i> She shuddered. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Buried: These are inner thoughts not italicized and mixed with narration. "Could it be colder today? </span>Why does it have to be so windy?" <span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">is the buried dialogue in the example below. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">The wind was freezing. Could it be colder today? Why does it have to be so windy? She frowned. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Spoken: This is the most common type of speech in fiction. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">“It’s cold!” she said. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">There’s another thing to remember when writing dialogues. Don’t have all three types of dialogue mixed within a paragraph of narration. Tread carefully, especially with buried dialogues. They often end up being redundant, unnecessary thoughts. Dialogues, regardless of their types, are best represented when they stand alone, accompanied only by a dialogue tag or an action tag.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">So that leads me to dialogue tags and action tags. Every writer must know how to distinguish between the two and know their purposes. </span>Dialogue tags are linking verbs that connect the dialogue to the rest of the sentence. Their main purpose is to identify the speaker though<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> readers should be able to distinguish between the characters by what they say and what they do, not by the dialogue tags. If you have to explain who's speaking and what their emotions are, you're doing too much “telling.” Same as action tags. Just a simple description of the character’s movements is all it is. Here are simple examples. Mind the punctuation. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Dialogue Tag: “It’s cold,” she said.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Action Tag: “It’s cold.” She shuddered. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Another point. There's no need to make dialogue grammatically perfect. Real people don't talk like robots with an English degree. The speech pattern should mimic human, not textbooks, or you may end up sounding as dry and clinical as the directions on a medicine bottle. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Example: "I should have been the one to deliver the package to whom it was intended for, but I did not have the time." This is soooo wrong, especially if the character is a 21-year-old college student who just forgot to drop off a book. Get me?</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Last but not least....I am repeating myself here. Avoid redundant and telling (summarizing) dialogue tags. Words such as exclaimed, retorted, replied aren’t necessary if the dialogue itself can convey them. Also, avoid the adverbs (“ly” words) such as angrily, sarcastically, slowly, which just tell the emotions instead of showing them though actions and or descriptions. And if your dialogue has to be longer than a paragraph, please break it up with actions and/or descriptions. Real people pause to take a breath, blink, or even move. Your characters should, too.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">In conclusion, writers must learn how to write dialogues properly. Remember. They’re not space fillers nor are the just a garnish to your story. In fact, in most cases, it’s the dialogue that carry the story. Good luck~ </span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">For my editing service, <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/">click here.</a></span></div>
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S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com39tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-78053837863414305002012-01-03T15:31:00.001-08:002014-02-04T07:20:56.803-08:00Twitter Writetip & EditTip Collection #8<div style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">This is the 8th installment of my twitter writetip collection. As I tweet these short tips and advice, I wonder if any of them need to be elaborated on. If you have a suggestion on the next blog post, please feel free to tweet me or comment here. I'd love to do more helpful posts. As always, good luck with your writing~~</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">#writers Please use contractions. Unless, you want your characters to sound like Data from Star Trek. #writetip #amwriting</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> Writers~ Remember the 3 Rs. Revise. Rewrite. Repeat. Send MS to beta readers. Now do the REP. Revise. Edit. Proofread. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23Writers">#Writers</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> Read the books before you promote or RT. And be honest. Stop the stroking. You're ruining our industry. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23bogusreviews"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">#bogusreviews</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Be careful of using slangs. They can "age" a novel up or down. And most of them are cliches. #writetip #amwriting</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Robot says, "I had been waiting, but you did not come." Real people say, "I waited, but you didn't come." #writetip Write realistic dialogue.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Using SUDDENLY or THEN to link events or to give immediacy is a lazy and elementary way to do it. Be CREATIVE in creative writing. #writetip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">#writersAnother word you should avoid like the plague is YOU. Unless you're writing in 2nd POV. Either way, it's jarring madness. #writetip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Please, do not forget that dialogue is spoken language although you’re writing it. Don’t use acronyms or abbreviations! #writetip #stabbylove</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Sometimes, you write dialogue or action. Then go on to explain. That’s very redundant. Very telling. #stabbylove</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Actions in action scene should be in chronological order. Nothing worse than a flashback in the middle of stabbing. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">1) Battle scene. Don't over explain. Make every word active. Let them count #stabbylove</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">2) #stabbylove Doesn't mean action scene should be full of 3-word impact sentences. Describe but without too many adverbs "ly" words.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">#writetip Check MS for sentence structure pattern. Do you bombard readers with long run-ons or choppy short ones? mix them up. #stabbylove</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Comma splices are the most common problem for writers. When in doubt, just break up the sentence. Don't stick commas everywhere! #writetip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">There are 3 types of dialogue: internal, buried, and spoken. A writer should know the difference and when to use them. #writetip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Assign dialogue tags and action tags to the right speaker/do-er. Those by a different character needs to be in another line. #writetip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">For my editing/beta reading/query package/proofreading service, visit my <span style="color: red;"><a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/">editor website</a></span>. Thanks for visiting~</span></div>
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S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-86342021304642848572011-12-19T20:13:00.002-08:002014-02-04T07:23:07.587-08:00POV-How Can A Writer Get It Right?<div style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Point of View, POV, in creative writing is the principal element in creative/fiction writing. So what is a POV? It’s source and scope of the narrative voice. It’s the perspective of the narrator. There are many variations of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd POV that can be used to narrate a story. It is also the most difficult for a writer to master. In my experience with newbie writers, POV issues overwhelmingly outnumbers any other problems such as bad grammar and overall writing style. The POV issue that I want to write about is not about POV shifts or weak POVs. It’s about unnecessary multiple POV usage. Of course, this excludes 3rd Omniscient POV which is perfectly within the norm/rules.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">In my experience as an editor, POV issue is also the most sensitive subject to writers. If you don’t believe me, just ask any writer what POV their novel is written in and disagree with them. You’ll find out very quickly that writers get defensive or even downright offensive when it comes to defending their use of the POV. To be honest, I nearly lost a best friend over POV issues. This was our story. He was writing a fantasy with 2 POVs of two characters. When I advised him to write only in his protagonist’s POV, but he couldn’t see how he could bring out the voice of the other character without assigning his love interest a POV of her own. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">We discussed, argued, cried (just me mostly...I think), and even stopped talking to each other. I wanted punch my own stinking heart out because I knew I’ve broken my own rule. I told myself long ago that I would not get friendship mixed with writing because it gets too personal too fast. I was sure that I lost him as a friend when he contacted me again. Turns out, after researching the topic and thinking hard about it, he decided to cut the other POV and write his book only in his protagonist’s POV. Our friendship was spared, and so was his book. In my opinion anyway. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">I think I’ve deviated from my tangent long enough. Let’s get back to the POV issue. My simple advice to him and dozens of other writers I come in contact with is always this. Find a way to write your book in one, single POV. Most readers, even me, would like to put ourselves in the shoes of the protagonist. To get lost in that world, see that world in the protagonist’s eyes, and conquer the conflicts as the protagonist. So when there’s a POV switch, and I’m forced to think and feel like yet another character? It’s not only jarring but very irritating. The continuity is lost, and I suddenly feel distant from the characters and the story.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Now I’m perfectly aware of brilliant multiple POV books out there. However, the majority were deliberately done with skills and knowledge and done well. That is the difference. And yes, though we all “should” adhere to the general rule, it’s not the most egregious thing for a writer to do. But if you’re a beginner, it’s safer to stick to the rules. For some of you who wants to take the challenge of breaking the rules? My answer is, “Learn how to write first. Properly. Then you can play tricks.” Am I wrong? Shouldn’t a baby learn how to crawl before walking and walk before running? Enough said.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Though the writers who are doing this think they’re doing something “unique”, they’re not. It’s been done, and this POV problem is prevalent among the newbies. In fact, 7 out 10 newbie writers come to me with the same exact issue. They can’t write their story in one POV, and their answer is identical. “But all my characters have equal importance.” “How can I write about this girl’s story without using her POV?” “What if the character can’t be everywhere at once?” So on and so forth. To them, I say, “Find a way to write the story in one narrative voice.” Because the truth is....what they're doing is "head-hopping." No matter how they want to package it.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Think about it this way. Your real life. How do you see your world? Unless you’re a psychic, you can only view it with your own eyes. Events that happen beyond your scope are found through a phone call, newspaper, a text message, or someone telling the story to you. Your book is basically the same. Excluding deep fantasy, epic, and/or historical fiction that stretches over multiple generations, a story can be told in one POV. IT CAN BE DONE. Ask yourself this. Are you sure that it’s not your fear or laziness that are stopping you from changing it? But that’s your job. Writing is all about rewrites, revisions, and edits. And sometimes, even after a book goes through all that, the book ends up being trunked. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">If you’re putting all your dreams and hopes in that one book, you’re in the wrong business. You’re a write who is supposed to have more than one book under your sleeves. So, let go of those books or learn how to rewrite them. Chances are...I hate to say it....but they were probably practice books that were never meant to be published anyway. Please know that I write this post in the hopes of saving some writers who are in the middle of a revision and considering all POV options. Remember. POV is one of the most important element in your writing because your voice will depend on it, too. There are tons of blogs and books out there for writers if they’re interested in learning about POV uses. Good luck and thanks for visiting my blog~</span></div>
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<span style="color: #cc0000; letter-spacing: 0px;">Disclaimer: I just wanted to make it clear to everyone reading this post. I am not inviting you for a debate about POVs nor am I in the mood to argue with anyone. I know some will argue just because they can, but I’m not one of them. I learned long ago that I gain nothing from burying my head in the sand. So please respect my wishes and take your anti comments elsewhere. I see anyone so rude as to come to my personal blog just to disagree/argue with me when I specifically asked not to, I will delete your comment. And probably twitch you on Twitter. I can’t stand douches who are disrespectful, can you? #amSTABBY</span><br />
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<span style="color: #cc0000; letter-spacing: 0px;"><a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/">www.sirraedits.com</a></span></div>
S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com17tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-15150658406530395682011-12-10T05:54:00.002-08:002014-04-30T15:20:05.066-07:00Collection of Commonly Misused and Confused Words and Phrases<div style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0c343d;"><span style="color: red;">For the new, updated version of this post (with a longer and<span style="color: #0c343d;"> </span> more comprehensive list), click</span> <a href="http://sirragirl.blogspot.com/2014/04/collection-of-commonly-confused-misused.html" target="_blank">here.</a> </span></span></h3>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0c343d;">This is a post that lists the commonly misused or confused English terms and the correct terms. Much too often, I see writers making very basic mistakes without realizing it. Either they don't know which words are correct, or they've made a simple typo. However, we can't rely on spellchecker to fix that for us. The spellchecker will only highlight the misspelled words, not point out the wrong usage. </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0c343d;">So, here’s a chance to refresh your memory and relearn the correct terms of these words and phrases. I hope that this will stop writers from tweeting me with phrases like “Your welcome.” Because that makes me very stabby. Anyway, here goes~</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Accept/Except</b> accept: to take or receive except: but, excluding</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Adapt/Adopt</b> adapt: adjust adopt: chose, take</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Advise/Advice</b> advise: verb (I advised him.) advice: noun (I gave him an advice.)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Affect/Effect</b> affect: produce an effect, verb (She affected him) effect: noun, (Headache is the effect of stress.)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>All ready/already </b> all ready: completely prepared (Dinner is all ready.) already: by or before stated time </span>(You’re done already?)<br />
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Altogether/All together altogether: entirely all together: everything in one place, gathered</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>A lot/Alot </b> a lot: right alot: wrong</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>All right/Alright</b> all right: right alright: wrong</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Among/Between </b>among: surrounded by between: in the space separating two points</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Anyway/Anyways</b> anyway: right anyways: wrong (never ‘s’ ending)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Bare/Bear</b> bare: without, unconcealed, undisguised bear: to hold up, support </span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Breath/Breathe</b> breath: noun- inhaled/exhaled air breathe: verb-to inhale/exhale </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Cite/Site</b> cite: to quote, to summon site: position or location of a town, building, etc.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Compliment/Complement</b> compliment: an expression of praise complement: something that completes</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Conscious/Conscience </b>conscious: awake conscience: inner guide to right or wrong</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Could care less/Couldn’t care less </b>The right way is “couldn’t.”</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Council/Counsel</b> council: a group that advises counsel: to advise </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Dessert/Desert</b> dessert: food served after the main meal desert: arid, dry land</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Discreet/Discrete</b> discreet: showing prudence, circumspection discrete: consisting of or characterized by distinct or individual parts</span><br />
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<b>ELICIT/Illicit </b>elicit:<b> </b>to draw or bring out illicit: illegal<br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Farther/Further</b> farther: physical distance (It’s father than xxxx.) further: metaphorical distance (This requires further consideration.)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Few/Less</b> few: countable (fewer people) less: uncountable (Less harmful)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Forward/forwards </b> forward:right forwards: wrong (never ‘s’ ending)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>I/Me</b> I: subject of a verb (It is I who is studying.) me: object of a verb (It’s between you and me.)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>It’s/Its</b> it’s: contraction for it is or it has its: pronoun, belonging to it like his or theirs</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>i.e./e.g </b>i.e.: therefore, that is e.g.: for example</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">And for the love of everything fluffy and cuddly like a new born puppy, IRREGARDLESS is not a word!!</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Okay. Let’s continue...</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Good/Well</b> good: adjective (Your singing is good.) well: adverb (You sing well.)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Lightening/Lightning</b> lightening: illuminate, brightening lightning: accompany thunder</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Lose/Loose</b> lose: no longer have (lost) loose: not tight, careless (My belt is loose.)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Nauseous/Nauseated</b> Nauseous is what causes one to feel nauseated. Saying "I'm nauseous" is like saying "I'm gross." Correct way is "I feel nauseated because of that nauseous smell." </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Necessary/Necessity</b> necessary: adjective- being essential necessity: noun- the fact of being necessary </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Passed/Past</b> passed: verb in past tense past: can be adjective, adverb, preposition, noun, but never verb</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Peak/Peek</b> peak: pointed top of anything peek: a quick look</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Principle/Principal</b> principle: doctrine, truth principal: first, main</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Site/Sight </b> site: position or location of a town, building, etc sight: vision, view</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Staring/Starring</b> staring: looking starring: have someone as a performer in a movie, play, etc.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Stationary/Stationery</b> stationary: not moving stationery: writing paper</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Suppose to be/Supposed</b> to be It’s always supposed with a “d.” </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Than/Then</b> than: comparative (I’m bigger than you.) then: refers to time (I’ll see you before then.)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>There/Their</b> there: in or at that place (It’s right there.) their: possessive of they (It’s their TV.)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Toward/Towards</b> toward: right towards: wrong (never ‘s’ ending, maybe in UK)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Use to be/Used to be</b> It’s always used with a “d.”</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Who/Whom</b> who: subject whom: object</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Example: The easy way by looking at the answer. Is the answer a subject or an object?Who is that? I did. (The answer is I, subject) Whom are you speaking to? I’m speaking to him. (The answer is him, object)</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Who/Which/That</b> who: people which: never for people that: okay for a group of people</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Can't remember all of them? Then hire yourself an <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/">editor!</a></span></div>
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S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com14tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-24553323737282504192011-12-05T13:09:00.001-08:002014-02-04T07:40:19.236-08:00Twitter Writetip & EditTip Collection #7<div style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Here's the 7th collection of my writing tips from Twitter. I didn't realize how many of these I do... But in case you missed them, here they are~ Thanks for visiting my blog.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Big problem among amateur writers is starting sentences with I/he/she. It's a book, not a journal. Write alternative starts. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip">#writetip</a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Multiple POV is a direct result of a writer's inability to narrate by actions/descriptions alone. Show, don't tell(headhop). <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">8/10 newbies exhibit SAME problem. Can't write in 1 POV. You aren't unique. Trust me. You'll learn to tell a story via 1 voice (POV) someday</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Writers are doing a great disservice believing writing alone is enough.Take courses.Read textbooks.Without a solid foundation, you're doomed</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Give your character a voice with dialogue as well as action. Telling description makes your character flat and boring. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">You know when you see MS on computer screen? You squint, it kind of looks good. Print it out! Atrocious writing will reveal itself <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> Another common mistake. Either, neither, each, none, any, one are singular. Use is/was. Ex: Neither of them is right. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">The difference between that/which. Use that for restrictive clauses. Use which for non-restrictive clauses with commas around it. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23writetip"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">#writetip</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a></span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> Let there be some white spaces in your MS i.e. dialogue. It can't all be narration. Flat and boring.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">The biggest cliche moment: When your MC looks in the mirror to describe physical characteristics. Unless it's warranted, DON'T #writetip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Weave char description(their looks) into the narration and/or actions. Don't list them like you're reading if off of an ID card. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">I can't stress enough how important nailing the "voice" is. Keep gender, age, and personality accurate & consistent. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">#stabbylove</span></a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Check your MS for overall ratio of dialogue/description. Be sure you don't lack dialogue.No one wants to read a telling summary. <a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Too much Dialogue? Not if the it adds essential elements of the story. Characters show their actions/agendas through their speech. Voice, too.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Subject is the actor/doer. In "I love you", I'm the subject. Love is the action. You're the object of my love. <span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="https://twitter.com/#!/search?q=%23stabbylove">#stabbylove</a> </span></span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;"><a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/">www.sirraedits.com</a></span></span></div>
S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-7756129522797212892011-12-01T12:27:00.001-08:002015-05-14T23:24:25.446-07:00Active Voice vs. Passive Voice in Creative Writing<div style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">The definition of passive voice can appear ambiguous to some, but it’s fairly simple. In passive writing, actions are always being done to the subject or are received by the subject instead of subjects performing the action. Passive sentences tend to be poorly constructed and long-winded. And because unnecessary words are added, it slows down the pacing. There are different ways to write sentences that carry the exact same meaning. Here's a basic example. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Active: Sam kicked the ball. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">The subject of the verb (Sam) directly performed an action.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Passive: The ball was kicked by Sam.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Action is performed upon or by the subject. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Active sentences have direct approaches that make more impact (and still be succinct) while passive sentences lack emotions and are full of filler words that don't add any impact. Here are different types and variations.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Active: The young thugs from the nearby neighborhood took over the playground to sell drugs. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Passive: The playground was frequented by the bad teenagers from the nearby neighborhood who sold drugs. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Active: He saw the need to rant. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Passive: He felt like complaining. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Active: Her piercing glance zoomed in at my purse. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Passive: She began to look suspiciously at my purse. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">There is always an exception to the rule. It’s justifiable when the actor (subject of an active verb) is less important than what is acted on (object), or when the actor is obvious, unknown, or unnecessary. This type of passive sentences is commonly accepted in academic/administrative writing or in journalism.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Example: The victim was found near the back entrance. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">In this case, the writer is intentionally trying to hide something from the readers, or the writer wishes not to reveal a piece of information until later. It could also be that the writer wants the readers to focus on the object instead of the subject.</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Here are some examples of active and concise vs. passive and long. Writers do like to increase word count, but redundancies, repetitiveness, and filler words are not the way to achieve it. You can see how it impacts the pacing.</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Bad: It seemed to have gone the other way. </span><br />
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Good: It went the other way.</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Bad: It had been sitting there. </span><br />
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Good: It sat there.</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Bad: He could not have been waiting for more than a few minutes. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: normal;">Good: He only waited for a few minutes.</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Bad: I began to move slowly. </span><br />
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Good: I moved slowly.</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Bad: There had not been any phone calls. </span><br />
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Good: Nobody called.</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Bad: He was feeling something within his body, which felt like lust. </span><br />
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Good: He was horny.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">In creative writing, a writer must engage the readers at every page. When the writing is active, it appear more energetic and powerful. When it passively drags on? Well...it'll make you stabby. Go back and read your MS. What is the ratio? Do you have more passive sentences than active ones? Do you have more telling than showing? Either way, it’s probably a good idea to go over your writing style with a fresh set of eyes. Delete the passive words, and bring the oomph back to your MS. </span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Please visit <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/">www.sirraedits.com</a> for professional editing services. </span></div>
S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com22tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-42345430321689396372011-11-17T22:40:00.001-08:002014-02-04T07:43:27.320-08:00Editor Eats Humble Pie<div style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">So, as I’ve announced on Twitter, I’ve been away from the Twitterverse as well as the Blogosphere for the last few weeks. Why? I had to take time off from the social media and editing gigs to fully focus on editing my own book. That’s right. I’m not only an editor; I’m a writer. Since I began to apply the last edit/polish to my book, I became humbled by the experience, so to speak. Alas...I was not perfect. And I think you guys might enjoy it, especially if you’ve been at the receiving end of my #stabbylove critique of your books. Here goes.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">I’ve never claimed that I was a perfect writer, though I think I’m better than some. The fact is even an editor needs help when it comes to their own work because no one can do it on their own. The only advantage an editor has is the ability to self-edit, which eliminates the need for beta readers. However, we do need alpha readers to read our stories and give us the general view of the plot, pacing, and character development issues. Also, it helps to have a proofreader at the end. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Let me tell you how I edit. After I’ve completed a draft, I print it out. I don’t know how many times I’ve said it, but it does bear repeating. Things are a lot different when it is on paper. Trust me. This is where I take my red pen and mark it up. Add, delete, revise, rewrite, etc. Sometimes, I end up deleting as much as a few chapters or a character. Subplots can be added at this stage. When I’m done turning the pages into a bloody mess, I move over to my Mac and apply those changes to my MS. Repeat this until it’s fully edited. (Don’t forget to check for word repetition at the final edit.) While some may need to repeat this 20 times, some of us can get away with just a few. Know thy self. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">The last part is proofreading. I let my Adobe Read Aloud program read my MS back to me while I have my MS opened as doc. so I can pause to apply changes right away. To me, this is the most important finishing touch that no writer should go without. There’s a clear distinction between spoken words and written words. Our brains have a different way of perceiving the same words depending on how they are delivered. Again, trust me. This is what we editors mean by fluidity. The words must have a natural flow. By doing this, you’ll spot missing words, incorrect use of words (ex: to instead of too), and awkward dialogue. We always say, one way to distinguish a bad book from a good one is to read it out loud. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Oh, the fun part. Yes, I’ve spotted so many mistakes. I spelled bizarre with bazaar because I let the autocorrect finish off words in a hurry. I also found that I used the word “so” and “really” over 120 times each. Another thing that I spotted was my dialogue tags. Due to my well-known hatred of dialogue tags that end with adverb (“ly” words), I limited myself to using only action tags. I ended up breaking a lot of dialogue with some kind of action sequence. In general, it’s good to “show,” but it’s okay to tell sometimes. Balance is the key. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">In the end, I ate several humble pies and stabbed my MS into shape. I’m about 2 days away from being done, and I couldn’t be happier with the way it turned out. I’m extremely excited and hopeful about the query process. I have my fingers crossed. Well, I’m off. I’ll return to blogging next week as I promised. I was told to cover “passive” voice in writing by a tweep. I think that’s what I will cover in my next post. Good luck with your book~ </span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Here's my <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/">editor website.</a> Where I don't make mistakes. Because it's not my own work… </span></div>
S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com13tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-8712222959260915062011-10-16T20:51:00.001-07:002014-02-04T07:44:18.277-08:00Twitter Writetip and EditTip #6<div style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">This is the 6th edition of my Twitter writetip collections. For those of you who are not familiar, I tweet short writing tips on Twitter from time to time. Some people do miss the tweets, so I put them together and post them on my blog every 2 weeks. I hope you find them helpful. If you have a general question about writing or editing, you can post a comment here. If you have a manuscript/query letter & synopsis/blog posts/short stories editing and beta reading service question, visit my <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/"><span style="color: red;">editor website</span></a> or email me at sirraedits@gmail.com. Thanks~</span><br />
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Another cliche I can do without. "Silence is deafening." No, it's not. So stop using it.</span>#writetip #amediting</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">It's like this book is a treasure trove of cliches. "Beating around the bush" Unless your MC is actually doing it, don't use it!! </span>#writetip</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">"Hello." She said. <--Nooo! "Hello," she said. <--Yes!! Please take note.</span>#writetip</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Unless it's action. Like this. "No." She stabbed.</span>#writetip</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Beta readers: Be helpful. Be prompt. Finish. Writers: Don't be douchey. Say thank you even if you don't agree. Manners, folks. #stabbylove</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Just a quick </span>#writetip<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> If you plan to query your book in U.S. you must have 3 different length synopsis. 1 page, 2-3 page, and 5 page.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don't use ( ) or text lingo/abbreviation in dialogue. No one talks that way. Ex: "I lol so much btw b/c it was so (funny)." Crazy! </span>#writetip</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Writers often read outside of their genre. Reading is good but you must read your own genre especially if audience age differs.</span>#writetip</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Writing exercise. Take a page out of your WIP and rewrite in different POV and tense. It's a great way to get the juice flowing! </span>#writetip</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Some of your run-on sentences are too long. Read it aloud. You'll realize it when your face turns blue from lack of oxygen. </span>#writetip</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Lunch break from #amediting Writers. Using fancy words doesn't make your books intelligent. The plot does. Focus on better plots! </span>#writetip</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Use Past Perfect Tense only when necessary. Ex: "I have had a lot of experience." is so passive. "I'm experienced." sounds better. #writetip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don't overuse past perfect (ex: have had). Try to use it in flashbacks (real past) only. It can make your writing so passive. #writetip</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">If you have a modifier (word/clause/phrase) at the beginning of the sentence, it must modify the very next word (subject). </span>#writetip</div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Writers! If you start w/ an introductory phrase like "In conclusion" "Finally" "In my mind" Put a comma right after it. #writetip #amwriting</span></div>
S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-16549828665402880462011-10-08T17:22:00.001-07:002014-02-04T07:46:05.875-08:00Show VS. Tell in Fiction<div style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Every writer I know has either heard or learned about “showing” in creative writing. When the readers pick up a book, it’s the plot and the voice of the protagonist that hook them. After all, those are the key elements in fiction. However, if the writing is telling and passive, the story falls flat. The readers are less likely to continue reading if the book becomes a tedious task. That goes for other issues such as grammar and typos, but I’m going to focus on showing vs. telling in this post. I’ve listed examples and good and bad in dialogue and narration. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">Showing in dialogue</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Bad:</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><i>“I want you to stay inside!” exclaimed Mom angrily as she walked up to her.</i></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><i>“No! I don’t want to,” argued Jenny sarcastically as she smiled coyly. “You can’t make me,” replied Jen calmly. </i></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">First, let’s take a look at the redundant and telling (summarizing) </span>dialogue tags. “Exclaimed” isn't necessary when there’s an exclamation mark. "Replied" is also redundant because it’s clear that she is replying to her. Use “said” instead. The adverbs angrily, sarcastically, and coyly just summarize instead of describing the action that could show the readers. </div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Here is a reminder. Dialogue tags are linking verbs that connect the dialogue to the rest of the sentence. Their main purpose is to identify the speaker. They should not be used to sum up emotions of the speaker. Actions in conjunction with a vivid, self-explanatory dialogue should convey emotions. Hence, there isn’t a need for any tags unless you need to clarify who’s doing the talking.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Good:</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><i>“Jen, you’re not going anywhere.” She pulled her face within inches of Jenny’s. Her voice shook as it reached a peak. “And that’s an order.”</i></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><i>“Make me.” A coy smiled spread across her lips. She raised her brows revealing the glint in her eyes. “If not, I’ll be going out now as planned. Hope you don’t mind.”</i></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Here, notice the lack of dialogue tags. Why? The dialogue itself tells us who the speaker is. Instead of telling us that mom was angry and screaming, the descriptions show us her movements along with the change in her voice. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Also, Jenny’s dialogue is self-explanatory. It’s clear that she’s being sarcastic. That is supported by the description of her facial expression. Notice that the adverb “coyly” was converted to the adjective “coy.” The difference, in this sentence, is that the adjective strengthens the verb while the adverb “coyly” was just summing up her entire emotion/facial expression.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">Showing in narration</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Bad: <i>She dropped the coin on the floor. She bent down to pick it up. She got back up fast. She was happy because she even laughed a little.</i></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">This is too elementary, repetitious, and obviously telling. Also, this only tell us about her movements and her feeling, not much else.</span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Good: <i>The wispy bang fell over her forehead as she bent forward. She glanced at the coin hiding underneath the corner of the desk. Her fingers skidded along the white-titled floor and immediately snatched it up. It felt cold to the touch. With the coin secured in her palm, she straightened her posture on her way back up. The corner of her mouth lifted at the corners revealing her pearly whites. </i>Finally<i>. It was about time she's done something right, and she did it without making another goofy mistake. She chuckled. </i></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">First, there is no overuse of adverbs and adjectives. Second, the adverbs/adjectives used was a part of action description. A good description convey the emotion/action by using all five senses so that the reader can have a vivid image in their minds. Choose an alternative start to each sentence to avoid being repetitious. Also, mixing it up by using various-length and differently structured sentences help avoid repetition and give the writing an even flow. </span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">I hope this post made showing vs. telling easy to comprehend. The examples I’ve used may not have been the best, but I think they did the job nonetheless. Thanks for stopping by, and if you need professional editing service, please <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/"><span style="color: red;">click here.</span></a></span></div>
S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com22tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226709176244280726.post-67152480761360503742011-09-30T11:52:00.001-07:002014-02-04T07:48:45.982-08:00Basic Dos and Don'ts in Query Letter Writing<div style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;">
<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">This might be the most succinct version of Dos and Don’ts of query letter writing. There are tons of great blogs that explains the process well. What I’m trying to do is to capture the most important parts and put it together in layman’s terms for easy understanding. I h</span>ope you'll find them helpful.</div>
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<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">A query letter must include book information (Title, genre, word-count), a pitch (a mini-synopsis without the ending), and your credentials (pertaining only to writing/publishing).</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">The pitch has to introduce your protagonist and antagonist (if there’s any), the main conflict, what’s at stake, and what your protagonist must do in order to overcome this conflict. Be succinct. </span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Include your contact information. Include your real name if you're using a pen name.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Check for any typos and grammar errors for this is a small example of your writing skill.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Follow submission guidelines of each literary agencies.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Make sure the agency is open to submission and does represent your genre. </span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Address the agents by correct title and name.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Use basic fonts (arial, times, courier, etc.) sized 12 and use single space. </span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Use all caps for your book title only.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> Mention the conferences you’ve attended if you’ve met the agent there and have been told to query him/her.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> Mention a referral from another agent, the agent’s client, or another author with successful publishing history.</span></li>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">Don’ts</span></div>
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<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don’t go over 1 page. Keep it under 300-350 words. Be concise. </span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don’t attach any materials unless requested.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don’t call or show up and pitch in person. That goes for pitching through Twitter or their blogs which is a big no-no.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don’t list your biography UNLESS your credentials are a degree in creative writing, memberships in large conferences/associations, or a previous publishing history. You may include your non-writing degree if it’s directly related to the subject of your book. For example, if you’re writing a nonfiction about child psychology, then do include your Ph.D. in Psychology.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don’t get cute in the letter with unnecessary compliments, jokes, or pictures. You’re trying to sell your book, not make friends.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don’t use gimmicks such as funny or unconventional fonts.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don’t underline, bold, italicize everything.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don’t ask questions. For example: “What would your do if you found yourself....” Agents don’t want to answer questions. They only want to know what it is about.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Don’t write the query letter using your protagonist’s point of view. This irks many agents.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> Don’t refer to yourself in 3rd person as if someone else has written it for you. </span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> If you’ve received a rejection letter, do not ask why. And do not re-query them until you’ve done enough revisions on your query letter and your MS (6 - 12 months).</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> Don’t query more than one agent in the same agency.</span></li>
<li style="font: 14.0px Times; margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> Don’t lie.</span></li>
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That’s the short recap of general Dos and Don’ts. Please read each agency’s submission guidelines for specific requirements. Most importantly, follow those guidelines. Remember, that your query letter is the only chance to pitch your book to an agent. Give them a clean pitch that will catch their eyes. If you need help with your query letter, I offer a query letter package on my <a href="http://www.sirraedits.com/">editor website.</a> Happy writing~<span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"></span></div>
S. A. Joohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15372483704898665019noreply@blogger.com14